Friday, December 27, 2019

The Impact Of Sexual Child Abuse On America - 1517 Words

The Impact of Sexual Child Abuse in America Child abuse has been going on for many years. There are many forms of child abuse, however, there is one that is far worse than the rest; sexual abuse. Children has a natural instinct to trust too easily and believe what people tell them, especially if they know those people. Statistics show very high figures of sexual child abuse in America. When children undergo sexual abuse, it impacts their whole being. There are physical, emotional, and psychologic effects that could impact a child not only short term but long term as well. When a child is victimized sexually, they are not aware of the victimization. These types of victimizations could last years before it is forced to stop. One of the sources describes a story where a women shares her experience of sexual child abuse. The story will explain what she went through emotionally after the incident. Even though it was a one-time victimization, it still had a long term effect. Educating chi ldren and adults about how to recognize the signs of sexual abuse could be a step closer towards helping innocent children who are being sexually victimized all around the United States. Summary of Literatures Definition of Sexual Child Abuse To begin, the common definition of sexual child abuse is referred to, in the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, as a type of maltreatment that refers to the involvement of the child in sexual activity to provideShow MoreRelatedChild Abuse1192 Words   |  5 Pages Doug mikel Child Abuse Sociology 111 Tues./Thurs. 8a-9:15a Tina Harrell 9/21/2014 Imagine living a life you fear, one you have to keep a secret. Always pretending to be happy and carefree when deep down thinking, Please don t let this day be the last. Living in a house where painful marks and scars are hidden by long sleeves, and jeans. Looking over your shoulder wondering when the next assault is going to be. â€Å"Almost five children die every day as a result of child abuse.  Ã‚  More than threeRead MoreChild Molestation And Its Effect On Children1638 Words   |  7 Pagesaware of the nature of the crime or offense. One of the most traumatizing experiences that a child can ever encounter in their adolescent life is sexual abuse. Child molestation has been inflicted on many children throughout history and most will agree that it is a harmful and despicable act, however do we know why it occurs? Do we know what causes child sexual abuse and does it have the same effect on every child? Are some children even aware of the fact that they are being victimized? Th ere are manyRead MoreThe Trauma of Childhood Sexual Abuse Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesAn estimated 39 million survivors of childhood sexual abuse exist in America today (Darness2Light, 2009a ). This figure continues to grow daily as perpetrators of this crime continue in this destructive path. The definition of child sexual abuse is the force, coercion, or cajoling of children into sexual activities by a dominant adult or adolescent. Sexual abuse of children includes touching (physical) sexually including: fondling; penetration (vaginal or anal using fingers, foreign objects orRead MoreChild Abuse979 Words   |  4 PagesChild Abuse 2 Just about all children have many different experiences that will have a major impact on their lives before they reach full maturity. A child can face a lot of dangerous things from the environment surroundings them which might seriously affect their whole life. The definition of Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act: Child abuse is any action from adult to a child that can be harmful to the child’s body or mental (Children Welfare Information Gateway 2007). In theRead MoreThere Are Many Different Forms Of Child Sexual Abuse. Sexual1436 Words   |  6 Pagesare many different forms of child sexual abuse. Sexual abuse can be perpetrated by a relative or a stranger. But the most common of sexual abuse is committed by a beloved relative. Ratican (1992) defines childhood sexual abuse is a sexual act performed over and over between an adult and child (1992). The effects of childhood sexual abuse can last into adulthood and effect the way that a person thinks or t heir outlook of life. The effect of this act has a negative impact on the psychological patternRead MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children1317 Words   |  6 PagesChild abuse has long been an ongoing social problem; this abuse has been one of the repeatedly difficult accusations to prove in our criminal justice system. Child abuse causes many years of suffering for victims. Children abused suffer from chemical imbalances, behavioral issues and are at high risk for becoming abusers or being abused in adult relationships. This cycle of learned behavior and suffering will be a hopeless reoccurring problem unless the criminal justice system and protocols for abusersRead MoreEssay on The Gravity of Domestic Violence in America1423 Words   |  6 PagesFor generations, the gravity of domestic violence in America has been disregarded and glossed over; perhaps it is because 60 percent of all domestic violence takes place at home. Domestic violence is defined as, the situation in which an intimate partner or someone you live with attacks you and tries to hurt you, often including physical assault, sexual assault, and bullying. â€Å"Every year, more than 3 million children witness domestic violence in their homes.† (safehorizon.org) Domestic violence atRead MoreEssay on Child Abuse: The Epidemic That Must Cease 1443 Words   |  6 Pages Child abuse is epidemic in many countries as well as the United States. It is estimated that every thirteen seconds a child is abused in some manner: physically, sexually, emotionally or by neglect (Friedman). Each year, there are over 3 million reports of child abuse in the United States involving more than 6 million children. Child abuse can be reduced with proper education of the parents and with greater public awareness. Child abuse is the physical, sexual, emotional mistreatment, or neglectRead MoreEffects of Domestic Violence on Children1124 Words   |  5 Pagesprevalent social issue in America today. First, who is affected by domestic violence. Second, the impact of domestic violence on children. Third, the social harm of domestic violence is illustrated. This paper argues that domestic violence has tremendous effects on children. What makes domestic violence a social problem rather then a personal problem? Domestic violence 20 years ago was framed as a women’s issue. Domestic violence is a pattern of behaviors including physical, sexual, and psychologicalRead MoreThe Long Term Psychological Effects Associated with Sexual Assault959 Words   |  4 PagesThe long term psychological effects associated with sexual assault includes, depression, substance use, anxiety, PTSD, and decreased self esteem (Foa Riggs, 1993; Resick, 1993). The authors of this article supports current literature which proposes that African American children receives inadequate or inappropriate sexuality socialization and sexual abuse prevention in their cultures and families which may affect their disclosure of sexual assault in adulthood (Washington, 2001;Wyatt, 1992). Comaz-Diaz

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Unemployment Keynesian Ideas and Fiscal Policy Essay

Fiscal policy, as we know it today, is meant to mitigate unemployment and stabilize the economy through aggregate demand. Despite dismal unemployment numbers, politicians and policy-makers continue to use and be optimistic about the effectiveness of fiscal policy in this regard. Policy as we have seen over the past five years has had dismal effect on the unemployment numbers we are seeing today. It seems we need a policy that will tackle lagging aggregate demand as well as the employment problems. A direct-job creation effort will work to create the differences in aggregate demand and effective demand creating equilibrium and filling the void that the current Keynesian fiscal policy leaves. Keynesian Ideas The origins of many ideas†¦show more content†¦Keynes idea is that there is a spending multiplier model that shows that $1 introduced into the economy flows and circulates into smaller and smaller pieces; ultimately yielding a final aggregate impact number that is much larger than the original amount spent. This model can be applied to each variable of aggregate demand in order to increase the GDP. (GDP=AD=C+I+G+X) In this model if government spending increases by $1, half of that dollar will circulate in the market, and the other half of that 50 cents or 25 cents with flow into the economy, in a continual process. That first 50 cents in additional consumption is the Marginal Propensity to Consume factor (MPC) . With that MPC of 50 cents, the multiplier of any new round of marginal spending, based on Keynes model would be, $1/ (1-mpc) or $1-.5) =$2 of increased spending. Therefore, $2 is created by each dollar introduced into the economy. Essentially if $400billion put into the economy through government spending brings back a rise in income of $600 billion, then the multiple would be 1.5 (Keynes, 1936, 151-174). With greater aggregated demand there is more demand for goods and services (GDP) at any given price level. So, with greater demand for goods and services, there is more need for firms to produce them, and therefore unemployment would fall. A number of moves can be taken in the event of a recession to aid in recovery, the typical fiscalShow MoreRelatedNew Classical Macroeconomics Arose From The Monetarism And Rational Expectation School Essay922 Words   |  4 Pagesspontaneously, which could solve the unemployment, recession and a series of macroeconomic issues. Keynesian economists believe that changes in the money supply will lead to changes in effective demand that will changes in the total economy. For economic cycle fluctuation, Keynesian economists believe that is a disequilibrium phenomenon. In 1960s, Keynesian economists appealed to the Phillips curve, which means monetary or fiscal policy will lead to lower unemployment rate and cause higher inflationRead MoreMeg Guild . Mr.Bare . Economics . 31 April 2017. Market942 Words   |  4 PagesMeg Guild Mr.Bare Economics 31 April 2017 Market Place Essay Five Key Questions about Macroeconomics Policy The recession in 1974—1975 and two other back to back recessions in 1979—1982, which sent the employment rate to 11%. The inflation rate rose into double digits then plummeted. A period of Great Moderation came after 1985, and the recession of 1990—1991 was more manageable than the previous recession. Unfortunately, this period of tranquility was followed by the Great Recession whichRead MoreKeynesian Theory During The Great Depression949 Words   |  4 Pagesestablishment of the Keynesian theory during the Great Depression, there was a continuous rivalry between Keynesians and monetarists. The ongoing debate was about which model can most accurately and correctly explain economic instability and which theory provides the best suggestions on how to achieve constant and steady economic growth. There are fundamental differences in these two approaches, for example over the usefulness of government intervention through fiscal policies, monetary aggregatesRead Mo reJohn Maynard Keynes s Economic Theories Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesMaynard Keynes was born in 1883 and passed in 1946. He was an economist, journalist and financier, known for his economic theories. The majority of his theories have to do with prolonged unemployment. He believed there would be no automatic self-adjustment and that the economy could stagnate in continuous unemployment or inflation. Keynes believed that the economy is susceptible to unexpected changes in spending behavior and won’t self-adjust to a desired macro equilibrium. When there are changing expectationsRead MoreClassical Vs Keynesian Economics1235 Words   |  5 PagesClassical and Keynesian economics are both accepted schools of thought in economics, but each had a different approach to defining economics. The Classical economic theory was developed by Adam Smith while Keynesian theory was developed by John Maynard Keynes. Similarities: One of the most surprising similarities between the two theories is that John Keynes developed his theory based on the Adam Smith’s theory. Keynes did not entirely disagree with Adam Smith but rather, expanded the theory basedRead MoreFiscal Policy And Its Effects On Economic Growth1260 Words   |  6 PagesFiscal policy is a tool that is used by the government to correct fluctuations in the economy. Fiscal policy involves the government manipulating the level of government expenditure and/or rates of taxes to affect the level of aggregate demand (Sloman and Sutcliffe, 2001, p.633). The business cycle is inter-linked with this policy as it illustrates the short-term increase and decrease in the economy, noted as periods of recession and expansion. The idea of fiscal policy is simple when the economyRead MoreKeynesian, Monetarist, Fiscal Policy, Unemployment, Inflation898 Words   |  4 PagesKeywords: Keynesian, Monetarist, Fiscal policy, Unemployment, Inflation The Keynesian-Monetarist Debate When looking from both side of the Keynesians and Monetarist argument, we notice that both sides are correct in different terms. How unemployment is resolved in a labor market is opposed on the Keynesian side. While the Monetarist looked at the quantity of money, which should be increasing at a constant rate. The Monetarist reduce the money supply, which reduces the spending’s and increases theRead MoreMacroeconomic Theories Of Macroeconomics And Classical Economics999 Words   |  4 Pageseconomies. With microeconomics, macroeconomics is one of the two most general fields in economics. There are two major macroeconomic theories that economists use to describe the economy. Those theories are Keynesian and Classical. Each theory has a different approach to the economic study of monetary policies, consumer behaviors, and government spending. A few distinctions separate the two theories. Classical economics is the theory that free markets will restore full employment without government interventionRead MoreInsight From Theory And History1638 Words   |  7 Pagesinteraction have emerged throughout the years. Two of the most influential theorist that have come to the fore front have been John Maynard Keyes, with his theory of Keynesian economics and Milton Friedman with his idea of monetarism. While both economists have had major influence on modern day economic policies, both theorist have contradicting ideas, this paper will aim to take a look at both Keynes and Friedman’s theories respectively and look at the application of these theories in the real world. JohnRead MoreA Study of Keynesian Economics1073 Words   |  4 PagesWhich fiscal policies might activist Keynesian economists recommend to help a depressed economy regain full employment? Explain how they work. Keynes and Keynesian economists propose two large categories of measures to help a depressed economy regain full employment. These are either monetary measures or fiscal measures. Monetary measures rely on the decrease of interest rates and the reasoning behind this approach is as follows. The individual in an economy has two basic option of utilizing

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

My Mountain free essay sample

Generally, people always approach point in their lives where they are at a constant struggle, trying to reach the top of a mountain, yet no matter how high they climb, they still feel like they are stuck at the bottom. My biggest, most complicated mountain so far would have to be my father’s former alcohol problem. The chaos started at a young age for me. I had no worries in the world, and I was blind to all the trouble alcohol brought to my family. I never knew when things were going wrong because everything seemed like a fun roller coaster to me until the day my mom and I came home from my grandparents’ house. My neighbors from down the street met us in our driveway. They began to slowly tell my mother and I that they found my father face down in the lake as still as a rock, just floating. We will write a custom essay sample on My Mountain or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He had gone jet skiing while under the influence of alcohol. Tears filled my eyes as I looked into the sky just to see a big orange helicopter take my father away to the hospital. Nervousness and disappointment could be seen all over my mother and I’s faces. From that day on, my outlook on everything changed. My father spent a week in the hospital regaining strength and good health before he finally returned home. One would think that after such a scary experience my father would choose to change for the better, but sadly, that was not the case. He began to drink on and off throughout many years, sending our family on an awfully bumpy and emotional ride. All of his bad choices affected me majorly including my grades and the way I performed in sports. My father’s alcohol problem had become a negative shadow that followed me everywhere. Now some may think that a girl who grew up with an alcoholic father would be â€Å"messed up† or at least following in his footsteps. Well I decided I did not want to be that girl. Instead I have grown to become an intelligent and driven student who holds a spot in the top 10% of her class. I have also successfully been inducted into the National Honor Society and have been granted the privilege of team captain for my varsity soccer team. I could not allow this negative shadow to defeat me. Overall, although treacherous and frustrating, I made it to the top of my mountain. I am no longer a victim to the complications. I am, and will continue to be, successful.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Warwick Castle Essay Example

Warwick Castle Essay Warwick Castle Robert Craven and Stuart Chambers Warwick Castle the finest mediaeval castle in England. INTRODUCTION The Stratford-on-Avon and District Hotels and Caterers Association (SCATA) publishes a brochure which has described the Castle as follows; â€Å"This magnificent ancient Castle, situated at the very centre of England, is a treasure house of great beauty and splendid, rare quality collections of pictures, furniture, furnishings and an outstanding collection of arms and armour which bear witness to the power and influence of the Earls of Warwick down through the centuries. The beautiful grounds landscaped by Capability Brown, where peacocks roam freely, are a delight in all seasons. . . Excellent catering facilities are available all year round to suit every pocket and disposition, as well as several gift shops† Warwick Castle is less than two hours by road from London with easy access from all major cities by motorway, road and rail. This excellent infrastructure allows the area to be part of the itinerary of any visitor to the UK. The County of Warwickshire is lyrically described in the SCATA brochure: â€Å"Stratford-an-Avon and Shakespeares Country. When you think of England, and the very best of England, you are probably thinking about this fascinating region. Here in this most English of English landscapes, the broad rolling sweep of the Cotswolds, the classic half-timbered villages of the Vale of Evesham and leafy Warwickshire, there is an unparalleled variety of attractions. We will write a custom essay sample on Warwick Castle specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Warwick Castle specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Warwick Castle specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The birthplace of the worlds greatest dramatist, William Shakespeare; the finest mediaeval Castle and most-visited stately home at Warwick; Englands most magnificent palace at Blenheim; and the worlds most famous theatre in Stratford† THE CASTLE The Castle is part of the Tussauds Group, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Pearson plc, which also owns the Financial Times Group and Royal Doulton among other varied interests. The Tussauds Group runs entertainment centres that include: Madame Tussauds, the famous waxworks in Baker Street, London; the London Planetarium and Laserium; the Royalty and Empire Exhibition at Windsor; Alton Towers, the UKs only world-rated leisure park; and Chessington World of Adventures and Zoo. The Castles General Manager, Martin Westwood, works in the stately home, from a majestic suite of offices overlooking the grounds. He is enthusiastic about the Castle both as a building steeped in history and as a business. In the relaxed atmosphere of his office, where he is surrounded by portraits and old paintings of the Castle, he refers to it as a brand leader in stately homes for it is in the top five most visited historic sites that charge entry fees (see Table 1). Table 1 Historic sites attracting more than 300,000 paid admissions 1 Tower of London 2 Roman Baths and Pump Room, Bath 3 State Apartments, Windsor 4 Stonehenge, Wiltshire 5 Warwick Castle 6 Shakespeares Birthplace, Stratford 7 Leeds Castle, Kent 8 Hampton Court Palace, near London 9 Tower Bridge, London 10 Blenheim Palace, Wood stock, Oxford 11 Beaulieu, Hampshire 12 Cutty Sark, Greenwich, London 13 St Georges Chapel, Windsor 14 Anne Hathaways Cottage, Stratford 15 HMS Victory, Portsmouth 16 Mary Rose, Portsmouth 17 Royal Pavilion, Brighton 18 Chatsworth House, Derbyshire 19 Hever Castle, Kent 20 Fountains Abbey, North Yorks. Paid admissions (000s) 2298 950 855 703 685 604 540 525 528 517 493 411 372 365 340 333 314 306 303 300 As you pass through the ticket office from the large car park you catch your first view of the Castle. The view truly takes your breath away and fully warrants the description given by Sir Walter Scott in 1828: the most noble sight in England. MARKETING Marketing Manager, Sarah Montgomery, is another enthusiast of the outstanding beauty of the Castle. Discussing the marketing of the business she considers that the Castles unique selling point must be that carried on all the promotional material: Warwick Castle the finest mediaeval castle in England. But she does not discount the Castles unique state of preservation, the breadth of attractions it offers, its location on the banks of the River Avon or its thousand-year span of history. In the year 1068 the first castle was built at Warwick and since that time it slowly developed into a mighty stronghold and later a grand mansion befitting the station of a high ranking nobleman. . In November 1978 the present Earl sold Warwick Castle and its contents to Madame Tussauds of London. The Castles marketing team recognised that the Castle attracted a diverse audience, each segment of which wanted different things from a visit. So in targeting audiences the team had to decide whether it was trying to sell the Castle aspect, the stately home aspect or the gardens. It was felt that all thre e areas attracted different audiences and conjured up different expectations. Research had established that from the publics point of view castles were not associated with grounds and formal gardens, and neither were they associated with the notion of being someones home. On the other hand, stately homes were associated with grounds and gardens but were felt to be formal and museum-like, with ropes keeping the public away from the interesting areas. So, was the most visited Stately Home in Britain really a castle, or was the Castle also a stately home? This conundrum had to be solved. The Castle management has a deliberate policy of charging one overall admission charge for all areas of the Castle and Grounds open to visitors. In the past they had considered charging separate admission prices for the Castle and the Grounds but this, it was felt, would confuse the customer. (See Figure 1 for price and attraction details. ) The Castle regularly has detailed market research questionnaires compiled by an outside company. Sarah said that market research is taken very seriously by the team: â€Å"On average, overseas visitors represent 42 per cent of the total. Twenty-five per cent of our customers seem to come in groups of greater than 20 and these groups are predominantly from overseas. On the other hand, 58 per cent of visitors come from the UK, of which roughly half come from within a 100 km radius of the site. Another interesting point is that 25 per cent of all customers are repeat visitors which we feel reflects the popularity of the Castle. With UK visitors 33 per cent are repeats. Of the nonlocals, that is UK residents from outside the 100 km radius, 78 per cent stay overnight in the area and the remainder have travelled over 100 km to visit the area for the day. With the recent opening of the M 40 motorway into London (approximately180 km} it is felt that travel time may be a more important factor to consider than distance travelled in kilometres† Figure 1 Admission Rates and attractions at Warwick Castle The data are collected over a period of days, and the market research reports sent to Sarah include not only the profile of visitors but what parts of the Castle they visit. The popularity of various parts of the complex varies according to how busy the site is. For instance, on a quiet day 87 per cent might visit the Private Apartments, but on a busy day this igure drops to 68 per cent. Likewise, during one such busy period, the visitors to the Woodland Gardens increased from 17 per cent to 20 per cent, to the Mound from 46 per cent to 52 per cent, and to the River Island from 34 per cent to 40 per cent. On average, visitors stayed on the site for three hours. Coach parties tended to visit for three hours, probably because the Castle was part of a full-day, tightly scheduled excursion that included other nearby tourist attractions. Competition for the paying tourists disposable cash was quite fierce in the area, it was felt. Other sites competing for the leisure pound were the Black Country Museum, Drayton Manor (Adventure) Park, West Midlands Safari Park, Cadbury World, Blenheim Palace, Alton Towers Theme Park, Ironbridge, Stratford’s Shakespeare and Chatsworth House in Derbyshire. In the Undercroft Restaurant marketing researchers overheard an elderly professor in conversation with a friend he had encountered in the Castle grounds: â€Å"I came early in the morning to avoid the rush. Any major historic tourist site is going to be heaving by midday in the summer and personally I hate all the queuing and tourists with cameras and all that. I got here at about 10 a. m. when the place opened this morning. I was able to enjoy the pure magic of the building with relatively few other people around. By lunch-time the queues were what I felt to be unreasonably long, but it is August and this must surely be their peak time here. I do wonder, for instance, should they not encourage more visitors out of season and what about allowing people to visit early morning or in the evening to avoid the lunch-time crush? † MANAGING DEMAND Warwick Castle brochures show a wide variety of activities that supplement turnover outside the peak season. According to Sarah, this literature was intended to push up the shoulders of demand: Every Friday and Saturday evening the Undercroft provides the setting for splendid five-course mediaeval banquets recreating the eve of the Battle of Agincourt. . A special events calendar has been published (see Figure 2). The Warwick Arts Festival uses the Castle as a venue in the evenings for a week in July. Exclusive tours of the Castle, and separately of the Gardens, are run by experts for pre-booked groups. These are available during the periods October to March, and March to November respectively, except during school half-term holidays and bank holidays. †¢ †¢ As a profit centre for the Pearson Group, the Castle is given targets that increase at a rate exceeding inflation. From these, prices are derived based on product developments, the prices that competitors are charging and known external factors that may affect demand (such as exchange rates and elections! ). The Castle expected between 700,000 and 800,000 visitors in the next year and profit projections were made based on these estimates. All catering facilities are run by the Castle, recognising franchising to another company would result in lost control and reduce potential to participate in profitable activities. Martin Westwood commented on fluctuations in demand: â€Å"Staffing varies relatively little with demand. It is felt that once the basic positions around the Castle are attended by staff, there is little that an additional staff member can provide. Winter weekends attract more visitors than winter weekdays, such that Saturday and Sunday combined turnover is the same as the other five days of the week put together. In summer things are more even, a Saturday or a Sunday being equivalent to two weekdays, although Sunday is usually busier than Saturday† Figure 2 Warwick castle Special Events Calendar BUSINESS OBJECTIVES Martin is clear that the Castles prime objective is to achieve growth in earnings per share for its shareholders. At the same time he emphasizes the sense of responsibility the management feels as custodians of this precious monument to work within it and use integrity and sensitivity at all times. Hence all signs, directions and facilities take a very low profile. Flashing neon lights are not the order of the day! Sarah Montgomery commented on the need to underplay the commercial side of the organisation: â€Å"Coca-Cola have offered us a sponsorship deal. They will give us money for a particular project which will increase our revenue and also the number of visitors we are getting. The problem is that Coke is the epitome of youth and fizz while the Castles target market is adults ABC 1, average age somewhere around 45! So how do we pull this deal together? † It is the integrity of the business in which the management take pride. It is not any business site but a very special building that is loved and cherished by the staff. Their constant concern is how to run a business from the Castle without destroying the charm and romance of the buildings, and without covering it with obtrusive signs and facilities. All staff are very polite and courteous and, though they are available to the public, tend not to interfere with the customers visit. In fact they blend in with visitors as they wear little that suggests they are actually staff. And when the Castle is relatively empty of visitors it has a really enchanting atmosphere. PERFORMANCE Evaluation of the performance of the business has difficulties. On the one hand, queues are an obvious problem (see Table 2) but then the customers do not seem to mind too much! Above all, the business is going from strength to strength, and achieving healthy profit performance. So, while the criticisms have to be noted, management has been achieving the high returns and growth that the shareholders require. Table 2 Observations of queuing and flow, Tuesday afternoon Queue to Private Apartments (number of people) 1. 00pm 130 1. 20 147 1. 40 128 2. 00 153 2. 20 132 2. 40 119 3. 00 137 Flow through doors to Private Apartments (number of people) 1. 00-1. 20 104 1. 20-1. 40 113 1. 40-2. 0 107 Flow from Private Apartments and State Rooms (number of people) 1. 00-1. 20 127 1. 20-1. 40 117 1. 40-2. 00 121 Queue to Rampart Walk 0-20 people at anyone time Number of people entering Rampart Walk 1. 40-1. 50 174 Queue at top of ramparts to get down (number of people) 6 minutes 63 Martin Westwood was defensive on the question of queues: â€Å"What popular to urist attraction doesnt have queues, and in any case, the queues here move pretty quickly. If we get queues for one part of the Castle we simply put out a sign suggesting people move on to the next attraction, although, to be frank, that doesnt really work. You see, the trouble is, that once people see a queue they dont want to miss out so they still join on the end of it. Our marketing questionnaires (see Appendix 1) suggest that weve got the operation about right, but theres always room for some improvement† The Professor in the Undercroft Restaurant had raised several issues connected with this: â€Å"The Castle really is in a unique condition of preservation. Its truly marvellous but I wouldnt seriously consider visiting it in the peak season. I just happen to be in the area because were going over to Stratford tonight to see Twelfth Night at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Im really looking forward to it! I wonder why they dont have off-peak rates for those not visiting around midday and maybe open earlier and close later. I would be more than happy to spend more time on the site if it werent for all the other tourists everywhere. And another thing, couldnt they do a package deal with the theatre at Stratford? Im sure a lot of visitors here also go there. In fact, I would pay a premium price to have the Castle almost to myself. For instance, Id find it simply delightful to sip a Pimms or a gin and tonic in the grounds as the sun went down. I know that I am rambling but I am sure theres a way to re-jig the prices so that the site basically generates more income throughout the year. And even if you say they do things out of season Ive not heard about them, so whats the use of publicity if it doesnt reach the people that want to spend money? † Sarah Montgomery, mindful of the need to keep a close eye on customers diverse requirements, often talked to individuals at the exit. A transcript of one such encounter is reproduced in Appendix 2. APPENDIX 1 MARKETING QUESTIONNAIRE OF RANDOM SAMPLE OF PEOPLE LEAVING WARWICK CASTLE Age range 0-5 6-15 16-25 26-35 36-45 46-55 56-65 66+ 7 37 27 25 34 17 20 33 Area of origination Local (within 100 km) UK (outside 100 km) Europe (excl. UK) USA/Canada S. America Australia Africa Asia Other/unspecified Length of stay in area Day trip 1-3 days 4-7 days 8+ days Method of transport Coach trip Own transport Hire car Public transport Other (bicycles etc. ) 37 27 25 47 3 11 5 14 2 96 50 13 5 96 74 31 20 12 Did you find that you had to queue very much? Yes 186 No 12 No comment 2 Did you feel that the queues were the same as other large tourist sites? Same 190 Better 4 Worse 6 Did you visit? State Rooms and Great Hall The Private Apartments The Watergate (Ghost) Tower The Armory The Dungeon The Torture Chamber The Gatehouse and Barbican 191 190 31 104 193 183 87 Guys Tower, the Rampart Walk and Clarence Tower The Victorian Rose Garden The Peacock Gardens The Conservatory The River Island Foxes Study and Cedar Walk Pageant Field The Mound Refreshment Stall Stables Restaurant and Tearoom Undercroft Restaurant The Bookshop Did you.. .? Bring your own picnic Did you see the Red Knight Did you buy a brochure How long have you spent at the Castle? hours Is this your first visit? Yes No Would you visit again? Yes No Maybe Dont know 186 103 117 102 57 31 101 54 118 52 71 62 32 81 99 5 67 75 37 16 148 52 144 31 23 2 APPENDIX 2 TRANSCRIPT OF A CONVERSATION WITH A VISITOR Christabelle Trymko, Oldbury-on-Severn, Gloucester We got here at about midday. We came up for the day from Gloucestershire. It was quite a good trip and the kids behaved t hemselves in the car. We had heard a lot about the Castle from some friends who have just moved up to Stratford, which is just down the road from Warwick. The Castles in superb condition! You dont know what its going to be like until you get past the ticket office and it really is amazing. It has been kept in impeccable condition, and the gardens are beautiful as well as being far less crowded than the Castle. There were too many people in and around the Castle. The queues were an irritation but I parked my husband in the queue and took the kids elsewhere until he was near the front and then we joined him. I think a few people got upset because we seemed to be pushing in, but Im not prepared to wait with three children in long queues in the sun. Mind you, its nothing like the queues at Madame Tussauds in London, they really are crazy. I didnt realise quite how big the grounds were. If I had known I think we would have spent longer at Warwick Castle and made a full day of it. We should have come here at about ten and then spent the whole day here. That way the queues inside the Castle would have been shorter for us. The grounds are lovely and theyve got special picnic areas which I thought was a nice idea. (I wish wed brought a picnic. ) Mind you, it does seem to be more than a bit light on entertainment for the kids. Nicky loved the man with the wonderful moustache dressed up in full Crusader uniform on the horse. He was very good with the kids. Nicky also liked the waxworks in the Private Apartments place. The queue wound its way up, down and around the place but apart from mild feelings of claustrophobia (thats my problem, I suppose) it went at about the right speed and I guess it lasted a bit under an hour. Oh yes, the Ra mpart Walk, they ought to warn you about just how many stairs you have to climb. I mean, I know there is a sign but you dont take it seriously, do you! You go up and up and then theres that great spiral staircase up the inside of that tower, I wont do that again in a rush! But it was worth it for the view. All in all it was a good day. More interesting than the average castle and not full of the usual touristoriented rubbish associated with tourist attractions. The commercial side is very much underplayed and I like that. You dont feel obliged to buy ice creams and tee-shirts and pencils and tea towels. Maybe some of the signs were a bit too discreet we had to ask where the toilets were but it makes a pleasant change. Also I like the one price for everything. At other places, I object to paying an admission charge and then paying on top of that for particular attractions. You always feel mean if you dont pay up, and then you also feel that you might be missing something. No, Id recommend the place and its so much less hassle than the tourist places in London which you almost feel obliged to visit every so often. This case is from : Cases in Operations Management (Second edition) Johnston, Chambers, Harland, Harrison, Slack, FT Prentice Hall 1997

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Scientific Management in the Modern Organizations

Scientific management and the Fordist era Scientific management describes an approach in management developed by Fredrik Taylor to facilitate the analysis and synthesis of workflow in order to enhance economic efficiency in the early 20th century.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Scientific Management in the Modern Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It endeavored to define the main goals of a whole firm, establish subgoals within the key goals, and create synergy between the two aspects. Research shows that the Fordist principles adopted most of the aspects of the scientific management, and advanced them further to facilitate mass production and the formalization of labor control (Vallas et al. 118). This advancement entailed two core aspects. First, Fordism modified the principles related to the standardization of production parts, and added an aspect that separated concept and execution through speci fications in the assembly process. Secondly, Fordism added an aspect of limiting interruptions in the labor process and enhancing control over workers’ tasks in the scientific management model. Fordist production employed strategies such as managerial direction and control, standardization of tasks and departmentalization. These aspects of scientific management focused on the division of labor into smaller units that allowed easier monitoring of workers. The principles of scientific management benefited the objective of mass production during the Fordist era as it provided core principles for optimizing output. Fordism modified Taylor’s principles and incorporated the aspect of the worker and the machine to attain optimal results through collective labor.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These principles helped to convince workers to pursue their employerâ€℠¢s goals in order to attain theirs. Furthermore, it fused Taylor’s concepts of division of labor with various aspects of the moving assembly line. Negative effects of Taylor’s principles Scientific management contributed to the core principles employed in production management in the modern world. Its focus on a domineering management approach to promote effective labor division affects employees’ autonomy. A restrictive working environment has adverse effects on employees’ productivity. Another negative aspect of Taylor’s principles concerns the dehumanization of employees. Most of the aspects of mass production entail Taylor’s principles that describe management as an entity that is distinct from various human aspects such as emotions. Thus, the adoption of these principles promotes the depiction of humans as instruments due to the breaking down of jobs into considerably small units. This aspect affects the cognitive input of employees as the tasks become significantly easy. Thus, scientific management has negative effects on modern management practices whose scope is not restricted to the financial rewards for employees. Modern organizations must respond to diverse aspects of employees such as their social well-being in order to enhance employee productivity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Scientific Management in the Modern Organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Modern working environments render the authoritarian approach within scientific management as invalid (Vallas et al. 200). A mechanistic managerial design is likely to introduce conflicts between the management and employees especially concerning an organizational change. The failure to involve employees in a company’s decision-making process depicts an aspect of lack of trust by the top management on the competency of workers. Taylor’s principles promote the need to create a distinction between workers and experts. This is likely to cause a decline in motivation among employees as they may develop the notion that the company does not value their contributions in its undertakings. In this regard, employees become detached from the company’s objectives start to exhibit laxity in their duties. Taylor’s aspect of the piece-rate payment places emphasizes on an employee’s financial gains rather than the goals within an organization. When employees focus more on the financial benefits derived from their input, they become less concerned with the broader scope of an organization’s goals. Scientific management in the modern organizations Despite the drawbacks associated with scientific management, its various principles create a platform for building a mutual relationship between employers and workers. It possesses a significant level of validity concerning modern organizational approaches. Taylor’s principles enab le a company to structure its operations in a manner that guarantees the satisfaction of both the employer and the employee. It creates a scope within which managers can identify strategies that facilitate accountability within an organization.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this regard, a company can impose various control measures on its workforce to guarantee satisfactory output. Moreover, Taylor’s principles facilitate workers concentration on a few tasks within an organization. Specialization increases the output of organization due to enhanced efficiency concerning the execution of tasks. Another beneficial aspect of scientific management is the optimization of efficiency while minimizing cases of waste during production (Vallas et al. 248). This enhances the economies of scale within a company. Adopting Taylor’s principles provide a company with significant levels of control over its work force. In this regard, monitoring of the employees’ output will ensure desirable output. Thus, the principles of scientific management create a framework upon which modern organizations can create a distinction between managerial functions and the roles of employees. However, its applicability in modern management practices faces challeng es due to some inapplicable concepts such as the description of employees’ satisfaction to depend solely on monetary returns. In this regard, one can conclude that although the whole of the scientific management theory is not viable in modern management practices, some of its elements possess significant relevancy, and have become integrated in almost all modern organizations. This describes the significant correlation between different management practices within today’s organizations. Works Cited Vallas, Steven P., William Finlay, and Amy S. Wharton. The sociology of work:  structures and inequalities. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. Print This essay on Scientific Management in the Modern Organizations was written and submitted by user Laylah Reilly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Beginning A Business Letter with First Person Singular

Beginning A Business Letter with First Person Singular Beginning A Business Letter with First Person Singular Beginning A Business Letter with First Person Singular By Maeve Maddox A reader wonders about beginning a letter with the first person pronoun: I was taught never to begin a letter (business or personal) with the word â€Å"I.†Ã‚  This must certainly have to do with the mostly outdated concept of humility being a virtue.  However, I continue to believe that humility is a virtue and that the root cause of much evil is egocentrism.  This rule does cause me to rewrite the beginning of many letters to comply with this admonition.   Like the reader, I was also taught not to begin a letter with â€Å"I† and often find myself struggling to avoid doing so. I even go back and take out the first person pronoun in the body of a letter if there seem to be too many. Apparently many of us were taught this â€Å"rule,† but as far I can discover, it isn’t and never was a rule. I possess an assortment of grammar books and style guides with various publication dates. The closest thing to a rule that I’ve found is this comment from a text published in 1907: Free use may be made of the personal pronouns [in correspondence], even of the First Person Singular; though it is better not to begin many sentences with â€Å"I.† The best practice is to choose the first word of a business letter according to the purpose of the letter. A sales letter might appropriately begin with you, while a letter of application might benefit from beginning with I. A University of Washington letter-writing guide offers five sample application letters. Each one begins with the first person singular pronoun. The caveat against beginning a business letter with I belongs with those other cherished grammar superstitions like â€Å"never end a sentence with a preposition.† Writers can choose to avoid doing it when possible, but there’s no need to suffer pangs of guilt when we can’t think of an alternative. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Has vs. HadAwoken or Awakened?5 Tips to Understand Hyphenated Words

Thursday, November 21, 2019

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 14

International Business - Essay Example Patricia focused too much on securing an international connection instead of gaining knowledge about the product which resulted in the immediate sense of failure once business meeting underwent. The initial approach of requesting information from home offices located internationally and conducting research via email is something which is commonly followed by businesses however such inquiries are usually improper and may result in irrelevant inquiries. It is, therefore, better to visit local trade offices of foreign consulates residing in the home country and seek information from them regarding businesses operating in their country. Another way of gathering information about potential targets is by accessing trade websites which provide useful information including the credibility of potential businesses. However, selection of targeted businesses should be made against the criteria based on the assessment of product or service offerings. Before conducting meeting it is important that mutual understanding is achieved between parties so that situations of despair are not faced. Biggest mistakes that business typically makes must be learned and avoided however it requires a thorough research and well-directed efforts if there is no prior experience.  Regarding Patricia business trip to Japan few major weaknesses could be identified regarding her overall understanding of the potential market and interaction with the possible business partner. Most importantly she seemed unprepared for the business trip which was made all of a sudden without any written understanding of each other’s business and products to be offered. Any such international business trip should be backed with the establishment of the business objective and an intensive study of the market which is targeted. The study of the potential market does include the survey of the market which is served by the machinery offered.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Position Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Position - Essay Example Cellopharone is an organic substance, polysaccharide in nature (Carlisle 338). Being a constituent of plant cell walls, it is the commonly recognized organic substance. It is appropriate for foodstuff packing due to its limited permeability on various aspects. Cellophane is processed from extremely purified cellulose obtained from bleached sulphide pulp (Carlisle 338). In addition, cellophane is biodegradable, and thus ecologically friendly. However, its processing causes air pollution. It is produced by employing carbon disulfide, found freely in the air. Carbon disulfide, under elevated concentrations, responds when exposed to other unstable chemicals thus forming smog in the atmosphere (Carlisle 338). It also injures ones sight and cause pain in several human systems. Cellophane product and use should be minimized because when produced in large quantity, they lead to environmental pollution and other health complications. Inorganic foods are foods, which are raised by the use of inorganic methods. This is through the use of chemical compounds such as pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, antibiotics and hormones (Carlisle 338). Foods raised in this way contain remnants of these chemicals which are dangerous to health. Inorganic foods are harmful to human consumption as herbicides and pesticides used to raise these crops are very toxic. When these chemicals build up in human bodies, they lead to diseases and other health complications. A good example is a herbicide called glyphosate commonly used for crop production (Carlisle 338). A laboratory study done by scientists in France in the year 2005 proved that glyphosate destroyed completely human placental cells and abnormal embryonic cells. These chemicals lead to birth defects and cancers, in addition to crop and animal losses (Lawson). Inorganic chemicals lead to the gastrointestinal tract erosion, dysphagia, cardiovascular, kidney damage,

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Impact of Radiation After Hiroshima Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Impact of Radiation After Hiroshima - Essay Example Mrs. Nakamura's hair begins to fall out, and she and her daughter become ill. At the same time, Mr. Tanimoto, weak and feverish, becomes bedridden. Miss Sasaki is transferred to the Red Cross Hospital in Hiroshima and placed under the care of Dr. Sasaki. Dr. Sasaki notices small hemorrhages all over her bare skin, a mysterious symptom many of his patients are beginning to show. He later discovers that this is the result of her low white-blood cell count, another symptom of radiation sickness. Dr. Fujii is living at a friend's house in nearby Fukawa and is beginning to treat patients again," ("Hiroshima", p.1). From an individual standpoint, the dropping of the atomic bomb would not be the only traumatic thing that the survivors would have to endure for however long. In that respect, survivors would also have to suffer the ramifications of radiation poisoning. Often times used as a treatment option for those suffering from cancer, exposure to radiation can have very harsh results, not just for the diseases that its meant to kill, but also the surrounding internal system of the person. Since every individual person is different, their levels of being able to recover from radiation exposure can be drastically different, but equally as intense. For the citizens of Hiroshima, there would be short term, as well as lo

Friday, November 15, 2019

Implications of a Disability

Implications of a Disability The differing consequences of an impairment or type of disability in relation to: Individual – At the point when a single person with dementia experiences that their balanced abilities are disintegrating, they as often as possible sense vulnerable and in essential of solace and consideration. The individuals abutting them including their gatekeeper, health awareness collaborator loved ones must to do whatever they can to help the individual to safeguard their rationale of singularity and sentiments of respect toward oneself. Family / Whanau – The family may comprehend weight that may attach them to disappointment to rest or consume boss to touchiness, loss of relations and social association with other relatives or companions, essential lead to social seclusion, and they might likewise have some looming for passionate and/or physical remorselessness and nonchalance to take after. They might additionally sense unsatisfied or terrible tempered that may prompt emotions of incomprehensibility and pain and can bring about feeling powerless of vitality Carers– Considerate for an individual with Alzheimers disease or a related dementia can be interesting and, at times, devastating. Obstruction is a usual and binding emotional reaction to many of the problems of being a caregiver. While some annoyance may be portion of everyday life as a caregiver, feeling life-threatening prevention can have serious significances for you or the person you care for. Frustration and stress may adversely influence your physical health or reason to be physically or verbally destructive near your loved one. If your caregiving condition is triggering you risky frustration or anger, you may want to sightsee some new methods for managing. The support workers may familiar the stress of functioning with someone who does not reminisce them, considers they are someone else, is incontinent, and hasinteresting behaviour such as aggression or sexually unsuitableperformance. When the support workers practicedlong or unrecognized pressure they can sense weary of emotional energy. Movement/ improvement of the signs and manifestations – It is critical to comprehend individuals with dementia have diverse side effects and distinctive rates at which their indications modified. This is not just on the grounds that there are distinctive sorts of dementia, additionally on the grounds that it upsets individuals in an unexpected way, owed to character and natural perspective. There is an endless course of action of variability in the development of dementia, and no certain reactions could be expected concerning what the prospect holds. An individuals capacities may change to some degree from everyday, or even inside that day. A tremendous disappointment could be seen in a couple of months in different cases this may happen over various years. This is on the grounds that individuals with dementia may have fewer assets in standby to withstand impacts like exhaustion, unease, or physical sick wellbeing – which normally they may have taken in their development. Some individuals with dementia remember a comparative character to their prior life, despite the fact that here and there a slight exaggerated the individual who was nonstop shorty-tempered, unyielding and hard to end up on with may proceed with so. The individual who was responsive and adoring may proceed with sweet. Be that as it may, some individuals can show an entire change and do things absolutely out of identity. Case in point, a peaceful, smooth spouse may get to be forceful and injurious. Dementia evidences embody issue with numerous parts of mental capacity, including: Linguistic, Retention, Insight, Expressive conduct or identity, and Reasoning abilities. Dementia normally first looks as dubiousness. Gentle cognitive debilitation is the period between standard absent mindedness because of elderly and the advancement of dementia. Individuals with MCI have slight troubles with sane and memory that dont limit with ordinary activities. They are incessant aware of the distraction. The occurrence of aging and dementing parents is growing and their families are unavoidablystrained into their organization and repair. This situation often makesdisturbance for families and particularly for persons who take on caring roles. There are also mainvariations in family subtleties; parent and child charactersinitiate to be redefined, moves in historical, cultural and family roles makepressure for and between family members, sometimes with in-depthconcerns for the family and the individual. Dementia evidences embody issue with numerous parts of mental capacity, including: Linguistic, Retention, Insight, Expressive conduct or identity, and Reasoning abilities. Dementia normally first looks as dubiousness. Gentle cognitive debilitation is the period between standard absent mindedness because of elderly and the advancement of dementia. Individuals with MCI have slight troubles with sane and memory that dont limit with ordinary activities. They are incessant aware of the distraction. If you are given that consideration for somebody with dementia, it is key to appreciation and recognize your inclinations of disappointment and shortcoming. Nonetheless, when you sense unsatisfied, it is additionally essential that you retain to express that inclination accurately and request help when its fundamental. You should likewise set aside watchfulness and set aside a few minutes for yourself. Seek after outer forethought to help you through the improvement. Regardless of the fact that you are not the guardian for somebody with dementia who do all the assignment, attempting to chat with them can in any case be an unsatisfying association. Patients with dementia appreciate what you say in the setting of their own reality. Attempting to impact them that their reality is inappropriate or not unmistakable can aggravate issues. Rather, it alleviations to stay cool and be significant to what they perceive to be truth. The Mental Capacity Act is law which raises the legal benefits of the animal with dementia to be tangled in results about their prosperity and upkeep. The Act additionally implies that when some individual no more has the same capacity to be tangled in making their decision for themselves, their carer will have the right to be gotten to about results being made for the benefit of the single person with dementia. In order to keep however much singularity as possible, an individual with Alzheimers dementia wishes to live in as familiar place as could be expected. This is not a period to present extreme variations into an individuals life; it is a period to hop and contemplate techniques to qualify them to keep their opportunity as far as might be feasible. A setting Everyday practices ought to be managed. Backing is a strategy for serving individuals, in association, to shows their sentiments and needs, so they might be caught. Making sure that individuals observe to what you have to say could be hard for various clarifications. These involve uneasiness: not flawed to damage anybodys methodologies: and, being questionable of your benefits. This is no assorted for individuals with dementia. What is changed is that sometimes it is normal that individuals with dementia cant structure picking or dont perceive what they require. Anyway, if specific time, immaculate proof and the opportunity to say what they need, numerous individuals can demonstrate their needs and utilize their part as a part of settling on taught choices. People with Cognitive Impairments The differing consequences of an impairment or type of disability in relation to: Individual – Persons with thinking debilitating may contribution an exhibit of behavioural challenges that could be irritating for parental figures. These may contain clash correspondence, sweat, vicious, absence of drive, maintenance issues, incontinence, poor announcement and meandering. Some individuals may advance behavioural issues at an opportune time, while others run their complete issue with just slight issues. Most cognitively impeded persons diminish some place in the mid, having good days and awful days. Expecting that there will be good and bad times, and keeping persistence, attention and a feeling of wit will support you handle all the more well with extreme conduct. Its fundamental to review that its the ailment, not the individual, creating the conduct. Family / Whanau – Persons with thinking debilitating may contribution an exhibit of behavioural challenges that could be irritating for parental figures. These may contain clash correspondence, sweat, vicious, absence of drive, maintenance issues, incontinence, poor announcement and meandering. Some individuals may advance behavioural issues at an opportune time, while others run their complete issue with just slight issues. Most cognitively impeded persons diminish some place in the mid, having good days and awful days. Expecting that there will be good and bad times, and keeping persistence, attention and a feeling of wit will support you handle all the more well with extreme conduct. Its fundamental to review that its the ailment, not the individual, creating the conduct. Carers – Whether you have supported into the piece of parental figure consistently or rapidly, you may sense courageously, ad libber and overcome by what is foreseen of you. These emotions, and different feelings dread, pity, nervousness, blame, dissatisfaction and significantly outrage are ordinary, and may determined and drive amid your time of giving mind. Regardless of the possibility that it may not seem likely, alongside tests will emerge the unforeseen endowments of consideration giving—empathy, graciousness, courage that can weave privation into hopefulness and helpful. Progression/ advancement of the signs and side effects – Reasoning debilitation happens when troubles with held practices take after. It can contain damage of cutting edge cognitive, amnesia, instruction inabilities, consideration challenges, decreased mind, and different reductions in normal purposes. Thinking debilitation may be available day during childbirth or can happen sometime or another in an ones life cycle. Some early reasons of cognitive weakness incorporate chromosome irregularities and genetic disorders, malnourishment, pre-birth medication contact, harming because of lead or other substantial metals. Cognitive hindrance that advances in young or adolescence can end from numerous circumstances. In thinking disability, different peculiarities of inadequacies can create dubiousness and uncertainty for families. Case in point, an unclear life desire makes it hard to arrange imminent life parts, to expect uses of consideration, or to make choices about the finest living arrangements for grown-ups need full backing in the occasions of everyday living. On the off chance that you nurture an individual with dementia, you search considerably a bigger number of potential outcomes for wellbeing issues than different parental figures. You are fundamentally at danger for parental figure pressure a state of mental and physical tiredness tackled by the physical, mental, passionate and/or money related hassles of on the off chance that continuous consideration, normally over a far reaching time of time. Manifestations incorporate strain focussed, stress, awful temper, gastrointestinal issues, despondency, issues resting and societal withdrawal. Parental figure weakness puts both you and your cherished one at danger. It is a standout amongst the most-refered to clarifications for parental figures captivating a friend or family member in a nursing home or other long haul mind office. A standout amongst the most real approaches to stop guardian weariness is by dealing with your physical wellbeing cravings, and additionally your mental and social wellbeing needs. Crucial to help is to arrange predictable time off from your forethought giving obligations. In the event that you dont have a neighbour, relative or companion close-by who can convey dependable week by week support, research break benefits in your group. Relief genuinely implies an unwinding a split far from the hassles of care giving. Break could be sorted out for changing spans of time—a couple of hours, overnight, a weekend, actually for a week or more. It might be conveyed in your home or in an office, for example, grown-up day consideration or a nursing home. In-home chaperons may be contracted by an org, independently employed or volunteers. Rest forethought might be settled confidentially for an expense, paid for by some long haul mind protection procedures, or once in a while gave by organization or reserved establishment. The benefits of individuals who have an incapacity are secured out in a scope of worldwide human rights apparatuses including United Nations Declarations on the Rights of Disabled Persons (1975), and Mentally Retarded Persons (1971), Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and the Improvement of Mental Health Care (1991), and Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities (1993), to which the Australian Commonwealth and national governments are member. Most recently, the United Nations made an expansive and principal widespread settlement to energize and shield the benefits and dignity of persons with inabilities. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was actualized by the General Assembly in December 2006 and was locked in by Australia on 30 March 2007. The Australian Government authorized the settlement on 17 July 2008 and on 30 July 2009 it telecaster that Australia will created an occasion to the Elective Procedure, which allows persons and swarms to supplication the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, once all national courses of action have been broken. The assertion, which determined into vitality on 4 April 2008, has now been held by 139 and supported by 58 nations. Its Elective Practice has been endorsed by 36 nations. It will manage the cost of a handicap particular worldwide human benefit stool with the equivalent position as different understandings. A significant number of the moralities referenced in Australian and Victorian statutes float from these universal human rights obligations, despite the fact that the detail that Australias legal association is not regularly benefits established..The foremost Commonwealth Act allocating with the civil liberties of Australian people with disabilities is the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, (DDA), which aims to: Remove, as far as conceivable, judgmentin contradiction of persons on the ground of disability in the areas of: labour, lodging, schooling, right of entry to places delivery of belongings, services, surviving regulations the management of Commonwealth rules and platforms; guarantee, as far as possible, that persons with disabilities have the similarprivileges to fairness before the law as the rest of the public; and Encourageacknowledgment and approval within the public of the attitude that persons with disabilities have the equalimportant rights as the rest of the community. Keeping current well-being. At current there are no pharmacologic actionsoffered on the market to easeindications of Mild Reasoning Impairment, but innovative drugs are being verified in medical trials. Psychosocial involvements are being established and non-pharmacologic managements are also being established .Because memory impairment at this period can create anxiety, depression, or other passionate difficulties, therapy and proper medical management may also be needed and suitable. Preparation for the forthcoming. Although many individualsendure in this periodindeterminately and complete well on their personal without necessity of aid, some do advancement into Alzheimers disease or types of dementia. In whicheversituation, the person will profit from having a respectable care design in place. Arrangement for future healthcare is permanently a good place to jump. Finishing a healthcare substitution, a living will or power of attorney for healthcare and/or funds can help guarantee that a persons healthcare requests are met when a person becomes incapable to say wishes on their own. Legitimate and money related improvement could be fulfilled with the alleviation of a senior forethought lawyer who knows huge numbers of the allowable and budgetary matters interfaced with long haul senior mind, and can suggest the individual about his/her choices built on individual realities about the individuals present condition Although persons in this period are capable to care for them, forecasting to include family, or in the lack of family, long-time reliable friends, in future care, is constantly a moral idea especially when a person is facing cognitive problems. When planning or identifying ordinary expertise for such users it is significant to concentrate on the features of the possibleworkers, and to be fully conscious of the series of cognitive mixture, even amongst those without clinical dysfunction. This is seldomstated in human boundaryplan, where the cognitive variety of the human rivalry has not been the emphasis of a large body of study. It is also vital to reflect the effects of age on cognitive role. A significant phase of any rational mission, in respect to communicatingequipment for people with mild or moderate global cognitive impairment, is promptness. This is to say, whatever smooth of presentation a person can attain in any given condition, it will be complete worse if the dutynecessity be ended under outsideforced time limitations whether real or purelyindirect by the user. Thus the plan of any contact should, anyplaceimaginable, agreeto every period to be passed out at the user’s privatebound. This topic also advances the leadingdivision between older and younger people. A moderatelysuperiorpercentage of the extra time desirable by older people is due to age related failures in their sensory structures, mainly in audible range and visualisation rather than cognitive impairment per se. Legitimate and money related improvement could be fulfilled with the alleviation of a senior forethought lawyer who knows huge numbers of the allowable and budgetary matters interfaced with long haul senior mind, and can suggest the individual about his/her choices built on individual realities about the individuals present condition. REFERENCES: Bell, Virginia, Troxel, David. 1997. The Best Friends Approach to Alzheimer’s Care.  Health Professions Press, Baltimore MD. Capossela, Cappy, Warnock, Sheila. 1995. Share the Care. Fireside, New York, NY.   Davis, Helen, Jenson, Michael. 1998. Alzheimer’s: The Answers You Need. Elder  Books, Forest Knolls, CA. Fazio, Sam, Seman, Dorothy, Stansel, Jane. 1999. Rethinking Alzheimer’s Care. Health  Professions Press, Baltimore, MD. Feil, Naomi. 1993. The Validation Breakthrough, Simple Techniques for Communicating  with People with Alzheimers-Type Dementia. Health Professions Press, Baltimore, MD. Helen, Carly. 1998. Alzheimer’s Disease Activity Focused Care. Butterworth,  Heinemann, Boston, MA. Kovach, Christine. 1996. End-Stage Dementia Care: A Basic Guide. Taylor and Francis  Publishing Co., Washington DC. Kuhn, Daniel. 1999. Alzheimer’s Early Stages: First Steps in Caring and Treatment.  Hunter House, Inc., Alameda, CA. Robinson, Anne, Spenser, Beth, White, Laurie. 1996. Understanding Difficult Behaviors.  Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI. Roche, Lyn. 1996. Coping with Caring. Elder Books, Forest Knolls, CA JOBANJIT SINGH

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Media and Social Responsibility Essay

Do information media have social responsibility? If yes, in what ways? If no, why not? I, along with many other people will agree we are not sure what responsibilities are that information media has, but they do have some sort of responsibility. Media outlets need to remain unbiased, but we all know that none of them do. The certain news sites that I read, do usually seem one sided, but I keep an open mind when it comes to believing what the say. If I have any doubt what I am reading is far fetched, I turn to other sources to make sure I get the whole story. Over the years when I have done research on a particular topic, I have always used multiple sources. As far as the information media having any responsibilities, the have many. The main responsibility that they have is to report the most truthful news that they possibly can. They need to stay away from what their views are and report the truth, not just what they speculate. That is the biggest problem they have. If we can’t believe what they say, how are we going to find out what really happened. Their responsibilities need to stay focused on what is needed to be done, and that is to get a factual story out to the general public. Too many media outlets rush to get the â€Å"BIG† story out before the others and they leave out many key factors and the story usually doesn’t make much sense. The ones that are usually guilty of that are the local sites. They want to break the news when the have no information what so ever.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Congestive Heart Failure In Pediatrics Essay

Congestive Heart Failure is not a disease, but a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood needed to meet the cardiac demands of the body and facilitate systemic circulation. Congestive Heart Failure can be right or left-sided, and is mainly a fluid issue, in which there is a decreased amount of blood to the kidneys. In children, CHF can be long term and is most common in infants; it can also result from heart failure where ventricle contractility is impaired after an increased workload on the heart. â€Å"For most infants diagnosed with CHF, the cause is Congenital Heart Disease†(Perry, Hockenberry, Lowdermilk, & Wilson, 2010, p. 1454). There are many signs and symptoms of CHF, and if untreated damage to the heart occurs. Labs and diagnostic tests can include: a metabolic panel, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), CBC’s, x-ray imaging, and a fetal echocardiography for fetuses suspected of CHF. Medical treatment can be extensive, but easily implemented wi th preparation, attention, and care. Congestive Heart Failure can be divided into right sided heart failure (HF) and left sided heart failure (HF). Right sided HF is also known as Cor pulmonale, and is â€Å"failure of the right side of the heart that occurs after chronic hypertension in the pulmonary arteries and right ventricles of the heart. Right sided HF occurs with left sided HF and often results in fluid backup in the abdomen, legs and feet causing swelling† (â€Å"Cor pulmonale,† 2012, p. 1). Venous high blood pressure throughout the body causes an enlarged liver and spleen, and occasionally edema. â€Å"Left sided HF is the most common form of HF and may result in fluid backup in the lungs† and â€Å"increased pressure in the left atrium and pulmonary veins† (â€Å"Heart Failure,† 2011, p. 1). The lungs become congested with blood, causing elevated pulmonary pressures and pulmonary edema†(Perry et al., 2010, p. 1453). It is not usual to see only right sided or only left sided HF in children. Signs and symptoms of CHF include: anxiety and restlessness, clubbed fingertips, confusion, cool moist skin, cyanosis, dilated pupils, edema, fatigue, fright, pallor, petechia, and weakness; decreased BP, weak pulses, jugular vein distension, tachycardia(irregularly fast heart beats  including an S3 gallop), and decreased cardiac input within the cardiovascular system; dyspnea, shortness of breath on exertion, adventitious breath sounds such as crackles and wheezing or grunting, decreased oxygen saturation, tachypnea, orthopnea, and pulmonary congestion within the respiratory system; decreased urinary output as kidneys compensate for an increase in carbon dioxide by retaining sodium and water, renal overload and potential renal failure within the genitourinary system; and decreased motility, decreased bowel sounds, lack of appetite, nausea and vomiting, and ascites within the genitointestinal system. â€Å"If the abnormalities precipitating CHF are not corrected, the heart muscle becomes damaged†(Perry et al., 2010, p. 1454). Diagnosing CHF thru testing is performed in various ways. Blood tests for congestive heart failure checks for levels of a hormone called B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Large amounts of BNP could indicate CHF. Coronary catheterization, or angiogram, is used to identify the strength of ones left ventricle and the health of the heart valves using a dye that is visible under x-ray. An echocardiogram can be used to produce a video image of your heart’s size, structure and function. It can help doctors determine the percentage of blood being pumped out of the left ventricle. â€Å"Right heart catheterization is a test in which a catheter is inserted through the neck or groin and is guided into the heart to measure pressures within the chambers† (â€Å"CHF Testing,† 2011, p. 2). These various tests, or combinations of tests, helps guide health care teams in the proper treatment of CHF. Medical treatment of Congestive Heart Failure includes but is not limited to: improving the heart’s function; removal of fluid in the peritoneal and thoracic cavities; decreasing cardiac demands; increasing tissue perfusion; and treating anaphylaxis. The primary focus is treating any underlying causes of signs and symptoms associated with CHF. Improving cardiac function may be done with oxygen administration, repositioning patients for comfort and increased vascular circulation, and medication administration including: Digoxin (Lanoxin) which increases cardiac output by increasing the strength and contractility of the heart; and ACE inhibitors, such as Captopril (Capoten) and Enalapril (Vasotec), which inhibit vasoconstriction, thus vasodilating blood vessels. Removal of fluid in the peritoneal thoracic cavities may include fluid restriction, and be completed via paracentesis or thoracentesis, or by administering  diuretics such as Furosemide (Lasix) and Spironolactone (Adalactone), which decrease water concentration in the blood and in turn lower arterial blood pressure. â€Å"Diuretics are the mainstay of therapy to eliminate excess water and salt to prevent re-accumulation†(Perry et al., 2010, p. 1459). Children are not more likely to have sodium-restricted diets because they need a higher caloric intake than adults and they may not eat as much as adults with CHF. Decreasing cardiac demands includes keeping metabolic needs low and may be done by maintaining body temperature, limiting activity, reducing the work of breathing, and treating any infections so the body can reach homeostasis. Cool cloths, clustered care, oxygen administration, sedative medications to promote relaxation, and prophylactic antibiotics may all be effective treatment methods for decreasing cardiac demands. Increasing tissue perfusion can be done with oxygen administered via nasal cannula, face mask, face tent or oxygen hood and will increase oxygenation to the heart and blood vessels and â€Å"improve myocardial function or lessen tissue oxygen demands† (Perry et al., 2010, p. 1459-60). Oxygen dilates blood vessels and increases pulmonary blood flow. Treating anaphylaxis includes: identification of alle rgens, detection of early and late signs of anaphylaxis, and management of anaphylaxis. Identification of allergens is recognizing what people may be allergic to or what may trigger anaphylactic reactions. Early signs of anaphylaxis are irritability, headache, dizziness, itching, sneezing, watery eyes, and rash. Late signs of anaphylaxis are shortness of breath and wheezing, pulmonary edema, decreased cardiac output, and if untreated, death. Management of anaphylaxis includes establishing airways for patients that may need intubation; oxygen administration; antihistamine and vasopressor administration; and education of how to prevent future anaphylactic events. As a nurse caring for a patient with Congestive Heart Failure, one needs to complete thorough assessments to identify signs and symptoms of CHF, report any abnormal lab values or findings to physicians immediately, and be prepared to assist with any interventions needed to manage the condition and provide comfort and support to patients and their families. Nurses responsibilities include but are not limited to assessing patients and the severity of their condition, forming nursing diagnoses for potential risks to patients and staff caring for patients with CHF, observing for worsening conditions, planning and  implementing adequate and professional care for CHF patients and their families, correct medication calculation and administration, and evaluating the effectiveness of care for patients to ensure that conditions will improve. CHF is a condition that has affected the lives of many people. Some well-known persons include: Bill Clinton, David Letterman, Larry King, Mike Ditka, Tommy Lasorta, Dick Cheney, Phyllis Diller, Elizabeth Taylor and Victoria Gotti. Famous people such as these often have access to better health care because of financial stability. This often times proves beneficial when treating congestive heart failure in earlier stages, and helps them extend their lifespan with less signs and symptoms. Unfortunately they also live a life that is altered by their disease and ultimately no form of financial stability will cure the condition. Congestive Heart Failure is not a disease, but a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood needed to meet the cardiac demands of the body and facilitate systemic circulation. There are many signs and symptoms of CHF, and if untreated damage to the heart occurs. Medical treatment can be extensive, but easily implemented with preparation, attention and care. References Cor pulmonale. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/ PMH0001186/ Congestive Heart Failure Testing. (2011). Retrieved from http://labtestsonline.org /understanding/conditions/chf/start/1 Heart Failure. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-failure/ds00061/dsection=causes Perry, S. E., Hockenberry, M. J., Lowdermilk, D. L., & Wilson, D. (2010). Maternal Child Nursing Care (4th ed.). Missouri: Mosby Elsevier.

Friday, November 8, 2019

How to Cook an Egg With Alcohol

How to Cook an Egg With Alcohol Did you know you dont actually need heat in order to cook an egg? Cooking occurs when proteins are denatured, so any process that produces a chemical change in protein can cook food. Heres a simple science project that demonstrates you can cook an egg in alcohol. Materials raw eggalcohol (vodka, rubbing alcohol if its high percent alcohol, any other high-proof alcohol) If you use vodka or other ethanol, technically the egg will be edible, but it probably wont taste all that great. You cant eat the egg if you cook it using  denatured alcohol, rubbing alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, or methanol. The egg cooks more quickly if the percentage of alcohol is as high as possible. Ideally, use 90% alcohol or higher. Procedure What could be easier? Pour alcohol into a glass or other small container.Crack the egg and place it in the alcohol.Wait for the egg to cook. Now, the egg would cook a lot more quickly if you boiled it the regular way because you have to wait for the alcohol to work its way into the egg. The reaction takes an hour or more to reach completion. The Science of What Happens The egg white consists mostly of the protein albumin. Within a few minutes of adding the egg to the alcohol, you should start to see the translucent egg white turn cloudy. The alcohol is causing a chemical reaction, denaturing, or changing the conformation of the protein molecules so they can form new linkages with each other. As the alcohol diffuses into the egg white, the reaction proceeds. The egg yolk contains some protein, but also a lot of fat, which will not be as affected by the alcohol. Within 1 to 3 hours (depending mainly on alcohol concentration) the egg white will be white and solid and the egg yolk will feel firm. You can ​also ​cook an egg in vinegar.

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

What Is A Flat Character †Definition and Definitive Examples

What Is A Flat Character s What is a Flat Character? (And How to Fix One) â€Å"Riddled with flat characters† is perhaps the most damning thing you can hear from an editor or reviewer. An accusation that your characters read like a cardboard cut-outs is like a knife in the heart of any fledgling writer. But having a flat character or two isn't the end of the world  - or even the end of your story! And if you can learn how to turn a two-dimensional character into a three-dimensional one, you'll have a real leg up on all future character creation. Sometimes the hardest part is simply identifying when you  do  have a flat character on your hands... especially if you're not exactly sure what constitutes one. Which is why we want to illustrate exactly what is a flat character: with a clear definition, examples, and instructions on how to fix any flat characters you may come across in your writing. First off, let's talk about what this term means.What is a flat character?A flat character  is a character with little to no complex emotions, motivat ions, or personality. They also don't undergo any kind of change  to make them more well-rounded. In other words, they're the opposite of a "round character," who has a fully fleshed out profile and changes throughout the story. A flat character will typically:Have no internal conflictConform to a stereotypeNever experience character developmentLack a multi-faceted personalityWhereas a three-dimensional or round character will typically:Have internal conflictUndergo significant character developmentExperience mental and emotional changesHave a multi-faceted personalityFlat characters are also sometimes referred to as â€Å"one-dimensional† or â€Å"two-dimensional." Both of these monikers point to the same thing: a character who has very minimal complexity, and often renders the story less believable as a result. Are you accidentally writing a flat character? Learn more in this post Not all static characters are flatDon't make the mistake of conflating a flat character with a static character. â€Å"Static† (or its inverse, â€Å"dynamic†) strictly describes the amount of change that a character undergoes throughout the story. â€Å"Flat† is a referendum on the character's complexity. That means that, generally speaking, all two-dimensional characters are static, but not all static characters are two-dimensional. To learn more about the flip side of the equation, we wrote extensively about what makes a dynamic character here.Are flat characters bad?Again, having two-dimensional characters never spells automatic death for your book. And the occasional flat character can even benefit your narrative! Charles Dickens, for instance, was a genius at writing casts that were packed with memorable caricatures. Are Miss Havisham, Mrs Micawber, and Mr Jaggers flat characters? Absolutely - they have few complex characteristics and exist mostly to inter act with the main character of their respective stories. But does their flatness make them inherently uninteresting or irrelevant to the story? Not necessarily. Flat characters can fulfill a number of roles: they populate the environs of the protagonist’s journey, and can move the story along in a plot-driven book. You really just don't want your  main  character(s) to be flat, otherwise your audience will lose interest in them. Her animal friends are the most interesting thing about her. (Image: Buena Vista Pictures)6. Mary Jane from Spider-ManSummed up in one sentence: The girl next door who’s the object of Peter Parker’s affection. Purpose in the story: To be the damsel in distress whom Peter rescues time and time again.7. Karen Smith from Mean GirlsSummed up in one sentence: A popular high school student who isn’t the brightest bulb in the box. Purpose in the story: To be the comic relief. (Though, to be fair, she would unquestionably make a great weather reporter!)8. Mr Collins from Pride and PrejudiceSummed up in one sentence: A silly, pompous, vain, obsequious clergyman with narcissistic tendencies. Purpose in the story: To represent the stereotype of the silly, servile parts of British society that Jane Austen ends up eviscerating.So why do authors write flat characters?As you can see, authors utilize flat characters in a number of ways. Writers generally bring them out when:The story in question is extremely plot-driven. Genres such as detective novels and thrillers will feature more two-dimensional protagonists for this reason (i.e. Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes and The  Da Vinci Code’s Robert Langdon.)The story is simple enough that complex characters are unnecessary.  This is the case in many children's movies, such as the  Cinderella  example above.Minor characters are needed. These characters don’t need depth, as they exist in order to further a three-dimensional protagonist along on their journey.So a flat character isn't necessarily a  bad  character; it's all about how you use them. Some very popular stories make almost everyone into flat characters except the protagonist(s). However, when it comes to standard literature, it's usually best to steer clear when possible. As a general rule, the more complex and multi-dimensional you make your characters, the deeper you'll pull readers into the vivid world of you r story - and that goes for all  characters, not just the ones we see the most.Do you have any favorite flat characters? Have you included any two-dimensional characters in your own work? Let us know in the comments below.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Should animal be used for experimentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Should animal be used for experimentation - Essay Example The use of animals in laboratory experiments has its advantages and disadvantages. Although a lot of animal rights activists believe and argue that it is not justifiable nor it is ethical on the part of humans to cause harm to the animals in exchange of improving the life span of human beings, I strongly believe that the benefit of using these animals in medical research purposes significantly outweighs the socio-economic consequences as being protested by the animal rights activists. Even though the use of animals in laboratory testing can be perceived as an act of cruelty, it is undeniable that the end-result of using animals in laboratory experimentation has significantly improved the quality and efficiency of medicine in terms of searching for effective medicine in treating human illnesses and prolonging the lives of each human being. During the past few decades, the use of these animals in medical experiments has contributed a lot in terms of enhancing the available medicine tha t is being used to cure a long list of diseases including diabetes and leprosy among others.

Friday, November 1, 2019

The helping process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The helping process - Essay Example Assessment is the basic step in the development of a helping process. It involves a comprehensive evaluation of the situation to identify the problem and give insights of the possible remedy (Poulin, 2010. Moreover, the professionals get the overview of the skills and capability of the people in need of help. Therefore, I can be observed that assessment stage lays the foundation for the helping process development. However, some ethical considerations must be followed when conducting the assessment process. For instance, the people involved in the assessment exercise should be informed fully about the practice to eliminate ignorance. In addition, the rights of individuals, as provided for in the constitution, must be followed appropriately.PlanningThis phase focuses on putting the necessary structures and strategies in place to facilitate a smooth process of helping those in need. In essence, the planning stage facilitates the collection of the required resources to enhance a success ful process. During the planning stage, the people to be helped are prepared for the projected activities to improve their efficiency. Barsky (2010) states that the planning stage must follow certain ethical principles to ensure that social and constitutional rights of individuals are not infringed. For instance, the professionals organizing the helping process should ensure that the budgeted expenses are with the reach of institutions responsible for implementing the new developments.

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Defense in a Criminal Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Defense in a Criminal Case - Essay Example Despite the many perceptions to uphold the insanity mechanisms as a form of defense, defendants hardly enter pleas of being not guilty. After examining the defendant, the psychiatrist produces the testimony to the judge or magistrate who determines the verdict (Mariorty, 2001). However, freedom is not ultimately earned when the judge determine that the accused is not guilty rather a further consideration on the favor of the defendant usually affect the sentence if administered. The defendant is directed to a mental hospital until the allegation of insanity is medically proved, which requires time and may give the convict a chance to escape from the law. Defendant in some instances pretends to be hostile. The main purpose of pretense is to prove to the judge that the defendant is not guilty. In some instances, the defense works when proven by a psychiatrist appointed by the court. As a result, the defendant must ensure that the psychiatrist report is positive about his or her insanity contrary to which the offender faces the full

Monday, October 28, 2019

Pride and Prejudice, Tea in the Wendy House, and He said Essay Example for Free

Pride and Prejudice, Tea in the Wendy House, and He said Essay Pride and Prejudice is a novel of love and marriage and how people have prejudices about love. Pride is involved as it blurs the seeing of true love. Jane Austen displays this as she was part of society and she had first-hand experience of this. In Tea in the Wendy House and He Said, there is an visible change in the role of society and attitudes to love and marriage. This is because of the different times each novel was written. Jane Austen does not make the subject of marriage favourable, as she never writes about a completely happy marriage. For example Mr and Mrs Bennets relationship, this is not an example of a good marriage as Mr Bennet is always taunting Mrs Bennet. Or you may send them by themselves, will be better, for you are as handsome of any of them. Here Mr Bennet is ridiculing Mrs Bennet by saying she should go and visit Mr Darcy as she may end up marrying him, as she is just as beautiful. This was one of Austens intentions to show that the society she lived in was superficial. Another example of a bad marriage is of Charlotte Lucas and Mr Collins. Charlotte is only marrying Mr Collins, as it is her last resort because she is seen as a spinster at the age of 27. Usually girls are married off at young ages, as it is their only ambition. This is shown in Pride and Prejudice, but in Tea in the Wendy House, even though Lyn has an opportunity of marriage she is not happy. She feels pressured into marrying Graham and doesnt have the chance to vent her true feelings properly. She feels she is also trapping Graham into marrying her and becoming a father. I didnt say anything, because Graham was so enthusiastic. She is worried about other peoples feelings and hers but does not get the chance to show them. Whereas in He Said there is no chance of Bev getting married to Errol, as he is too irresponsible. This is an example of the way society has changed drastically. In Pride and Prejudice it was expected for girls to get married straight away and the most important thing in their life. In Tea in the Wendy House there was some expectation but not as much. In He Said society has changed so much that Errol does not think he needs to propose to Bev, even though she is pregnant. This also shows the attitudes to sex before marriage. As Austen shows more bad marriages than good, there were a few happy marriages, as they contain an equality of character traits between the couple. Elizabeth was too prejudiced to realise her true feelings and Mr Darcy was too proud. Even though she does finally realise Darcys good qualities. She began to comprehend that he was exactly the man, in disposition and talents, would suit her. This is the opposite in He Said, as Bev finally realises that she is stronger than Errol, and how she can cope without him. I dont care if I never see him again. In Jane Austens novels the valuable marriage is usually because of chance. If Elizabeth did not read Darcys letter and witness the elopement of Lydia and Wickham, she would have realised how much she values him. This is the opposite in Tea and the Wendy House as Graham and Lyn had known each other since their teens and so had got to know each other better. I was fourteen and Graham was fifteen. As Errol and Bevs relationship in He Said is just based on sex and so there was no previous acknowledgement of character traits. Intervention played its part in the prevention of Darcy and Elizabeth getting married. Elizabeths prejudices intervene and prevent the marriage at first. This does not happen to the main character of Tea in the Wendy House but there is some intervention from Lyns parents. In Pride and Prejudice Elizabeths mum is always pushing her to get the best man she can. She is very bossy and likes to get what she wants. In Tea and the Wendy House it is also Lyns mother that has an intervening nature as she is making the wedding dress. She was busy, giving final touches to the dress. There is a difference in He Said, as her parents do not intervene. Although her father does not want to get involved with her situation, he feels no way in abandoning her when she needs them most. As her father is a minister of a church, he has strict religious beliefs but as he does not want to help he comes across as a bully. If that harlot crosses my doorstep, I will strike her down. Then he had gone to church. This contradicts his religious views. Status is another problem in the prevention of the marriage of Darcy and Elizabeth. Elizabeths astonishment was beyond expression. She stared coloured doubted and was silent. This he considered enough encouragement. Darcy thought that Elizabeth would have said yes when he first proposed, as she may never get a better offer as that one as he is much higher in status than she was. Darcy has a lot more money than the Bennets. In this time it was seen as better if you could marry a man with a large house and very good income. This was so he could provide for his wife when she had children but also to show-off to others. In He Said money is still important to Bev as she is by herself without a husband, so she has to fend for herself. She is struggling and in a poor job. She has not got the financial support from her parents like Lyn in Tea in the Wendy House. Bevs prospects are limited because of lack of money and there is a slight suggestion that this will not change much. There is a sim ilarity between pride and prejudice and Tea in the Wendy House. This is because Lyn and Elizabeth both have some financial support from their parents, although it was not the most important thing in Tea in the Wendy House. Lyns mother puts it across as a bonus to the marriage, but having a good job is quite important. And hes got a job, and course theres the house. You really struck gold there. Mr Collins also demonstrates the status prevention, as he expects her to say yes but it comes across as quite pompous. I am to inherit this estate after the death of your father. He is openly stating that he will own Elizabeths house, as if it was nothing. In the actual proposal of Mr Collins to Elizabeth it was quite formal as he asked permission, which was expected in those times. This differs in the proposal of Graham to Lyn. He seemed embarrassed, it was not very formal but still had the decency to propose. I told you it was corny, but will you, will you marry me? There is no proposal in He Said. Errol obviously does not believe he needs to propose; not formal or gentleman-like. Judgement plays quite a big part of pride and prejudice, as it was a very judgmental society. People are always being judged. Elizabeth prides herself on good understanding of what people are like generally. The extravagance and general profligacy which he scripted exceedingly shocked her. This shows how she was wrong about Mr Wickham and Darcy made her realise this in the letter he wrote to her after he proposed. Good judgement is being to see past deception, pride arrogance and hypocrisy. She tried to recollect some instance of goodness, some distinguished trait of integrity. This shows Elizabeth frantically trying to have some recollection that Mr Wickham was not deceptive and devious. Like Mr Darcy explained in the letter. This is a bad judgement that Elizabeth has made, just like the bad judgement of Errol by Bev. She thought he was going to stand by her throughout the pregnancy, but he does not. I dont want anything to come between usnow he would not speak to her. This shows how shallow and unreliable Errol is. Although she knows Errol is not going to face up to his consequences, it does not stop her from fantasizing about the way she would like things to be between her and Errol. Imagining Errol holding her tightly, perhaps his voice breaking with emotion. Elizabeths first meeting with Mr Wickham compared to her first meeting with Mr Darcy it was not surprised she preferred Mr Wickham. This made her very shocked at the proposal from Mr Darcy. This pitfall almost brings Elizabeth to lose her future husband, although she does come to terms with her mistakes and corrects them. How despicably I have acted, I who have prided myself on my discernment and gratified my vanity, pleased with the preference of one and offended by the neglect of another. This reveals that Elizabeth has recognised her mistakes and how she has treated both men. Darcy has also overcome his arrogance and pride. Austen believes that a happy marriage is built on good judgement and so introduces a genuine perception. So they see each other for who they really are. Tea in the Wendy House, Lyns perception of Graham was not clear, she was not being clear about her feelings. The writer used the Wendy House as symbolism to show that however perfect something seems, it may not make you happy. Although at the end with the last Wendy House reference, you are left wondering if Lyn will ever be happy, but also there is no mention of Graham being with her, in this ideal world. The bright blue walls seem to be closing in around her, the ceiling is coming nearer and nearer. She is a mummy. It doesnt matter that she cant get out. It is making her conform to the stereotypes of typical women. Bev in He Said has made a journey of self-knowledge, from hating Errol for not standing by her to realising she can cope without him, and go along with the pregnancy by herself. From the pressures of society, the doctor telling her it would be best to get an abortion, her father throwing her out, living in a gritty flat and working in a dead end job. Bev has made a miraculous journey from where she was, to feeling confident of having the baby by herself. Elizabeth goes against her time by refusing two marriage proposals, and marrying for true love. In her society a sexual relationship before marriage was seen as unacceptable and shame would be brought onto the family. This is a contrast between our time and Jane Austens time. Lyn is pregnant before she is getting married, this is also the case in He Said apart from Bev is not getting married, and so has to cope on her own. This indicates the age and time Elizabeth lived in. Wickham was this type of person who would deceive women into thinking he loves them but then leaves them. This is what he did with Lydia Bennet. This was not the first he tried; he also tried with Darcys younger sister. He gambles and lives loosely and does not give a second thought to his sexual immoralities. Sex before marriage is seen as the main corrupt. Wickhams character is similar to that of Errol. He does not give a second thought to the consequences of his action. With the faint smell of urine around her realising that probably some man had walked away from relieving himself without a backward thought about the results. Just like Errol. Lydias relationship with Wickham has effected her reputation because of the elopement. Wickhams love for Lydia is not true. This is the opposite with Lyn and Grahams relationship. Graham is truly in love with Lyn, but it is Lyn that has the insecurities and does not feel true love. There is no one in the Wendy house except Lyn. Mandy isnt there. Graham isnt there. This shows how maybe in the end she will be by herself without no one. In Elizabeths time courtship between two people would not have lasted quite long, so Wickham and Lydia were not truly in love, it was most probably infatuation. His belief that Wickham never intended to go there or to marry Lydia at all. Jane Austen was a person in this society and time, which believed marriage, was the most important thing for a young girl. This would lead to prejudices about how much money did the husband have and of what status was he. Jane Austen shows through pride and prejudice that she would not have married because it was convenient but because of love much like Elizabeth. Society has changed, as evident in He said. From wanting marriage as an ambition, to Errol not needing to propose, it does not mean the society has got any better. Society and other peoples thoughts all contribute to prevention of some marriages, even nowadays.